E-notation is the way calculators and programming languages write scientific notation. For example, 3.5e6 means 3.5 × 10⁶ and 1.2e-4 means 1.2 × 10⁻⁴.

How do you multiply numbers in scientific notation?

To multiply, multiply the coefficients and add the exponents. For example, (2.0 × 10³) × (3.0 × 10⁴) = 6.0 × 10⁷. To divide, divide the coefficients and subtract the exponents.

Scientific Notation Converter – Standard ↔ Scientific Form

Q: How do you convert a number to scientific notation?

Move the decimal point until only one non-zero digit is to its left and count the moves. That count becomes the exponent — moving left gives a positive exponent, moving right gives a negative exponent. Write the result as a × 10ⁿ.

Q: How do you convert scientific notation to standard form?

If the exponent is positive, move the decimal point right that many places, adding trailing zeros if needed. If the exponent is negative, move the decimal point left, adding leading zeros if needed.

Enter a number (standard form)

Please enter a valid number.

Scientific Notation

Enter scientific notation

× 10

Or paste E-notation directly into the coefficient field (e.g. 3.5e6)

Please enter a valid coefficient and exponent.

Standard Form

What Is Scientific Notation?

Scientific notation expresses any number as a product of a coefficient (between 1 and 10) and a power of ten: a × 10ⁿ where 1 ≤ |a| < 10. It's the standard way to write very large or very small numbers without a string of zeros that are hard to read and easy to miscount.

Examples: the mass of the Earth is 5.972 × 10²⁴ kg; the diameter of a hydrogen atom is 1.06 × 10⁻¹⁰ m.

How to Convert: Step by Step

Standard → Scientific:

Move the decimal point until only one non-zero digit is to its left. Count the moves.
That count becomes your exponent. Moving left = positive exponent; moving right = negative.
Write the result as a × 10ⁿ.

Scientific → Standard:

If the exponent is positive, move the decimal right that many places (add trailing zeros if needed).
If the exponent is negative, move the decimal left (add leading zeros if needed).

Conversion Examples

Standard Form	Scientific Notation	Direction
93,000,000	9.3 × 10⁷	Decimal moved left 7 places
0.000056	5.6 × 10⁻⁵	Decimal moved right 5 places
1,234.5	1.2345 × 10³	Decimal moved left 3 places
0.00000000917	9.17 × 10⁻⁹	Decimal moved right 9 places
602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000	6.022 × 10²³	Avogadro's number
0.000000000000000000000000001672	1.672 × 10⁻²⁷	Mass of a proton (kg)

E-Notation (Computer Scientific Notation)

Calculators and programming languages typically write scientific notation as E-notation: 3.5e6 means 3.5 × 10⁶, and 1.2e-4 means 1.2 × 10⁻⁴. Our converter accepts both formats as input.

Multiplying & Dividing in Scientific Notation

Multiply: Multiply the coefficients and add the exponents.
(2.0 × 10³) × (3.0 × 10⁴) = 6.0 × 10⁷

Divide: Divide the coefficients and subtract the exponents.
(6.0 × 10⁸) ÷ (2.0 × 10³) = 3.0 × 10⁵

Add/Subtract: First make the exponents equal, then operate on the coefficients.
(3.0 × 10⁴) + (2.0 × 10³) = (3.0 × 10⁴) + (0.2 × 10⁴) = 3.2 × 10⁴

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Common Scientific Notation Conversions

Here are frequently searched numbers converted to and from scientific notation. Use the calculator above to convert any number instantly with a full step-by-step breakdown.

Standard Form	Scientific Notation	E-Notation
90 million	9.0 × 10⁷	9.0e7
1.2 billion	1.2 × 10⁹	1.2e9
86 billion	8.6 × 10¹⁰	8.6e10
6,770,000	6.77 × 10⁶	6.77e6
711.0	7.11 × 10²	7.11e2
0.00012 (1.2e-4)	1.2 × 10⁻⁴	1.2e-4
1 million	1.0 × 10⁶	1e6
1 trillion	1.0 × 10¹²	1e12
0.001 (1 milli-)	1.0 × 10⁻³	1e-3
0.000000001 (1 nano-)	1.0 × 10⁻⁹	1e-9
Speed of light (m/s)	2.998 × 10⁸	2.998e8
Avogadro's number	6.022 × 10²³	6.022e23

Standard Form

Scientific Notation

E-Notation

90 million

9.0 × 10⁷

9.0e7

1.2 billion

1.2 × 10⁹

1.2e9

86 billion

8.6 × 10¹⁰

8.6e10

6,770,000

6.77 × 10⁶

6.77e6

711.0

7.11 × 10²

7.11e2

0.00012 (1.2e-4)

1.2 × 10⁻⁴

1.2e-4

1 million

1.0 × 10⁶

1e6

1 trillion

1.0 × 10¹²

1e12

0.001 (1 milli-)

1.0 × 10⁻³

1e-3

0.000000001 (1 nano-)

1.0 × 10⁻⁹

1e-9

Speed of light (m/s)

2.998 × 10⁸

2.998e8

Avogadro's number

6.022 × 10²³

6.022e23

Frequently Asked Questions

What is scientific notation?

Scientific notation expresses any number as a product of a coefficient (between 1 and 10) and a power of ten: a × 10ⁿ where 1 ≤ |a| < 10. It is the standard way to write very large or very small numbers — such as the speed of light (2.998 × 10⁸ m/s) or the mass of an electron (9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg) — without a long string of zeros that are difficult to read and easy to miscount.

How do you convert a number to scientific notation?

Move the decimal point until only one non-zero digit remains to its left, then count how many places you moved it. That count becomes your exponent. Moving the decimal left gives a positive exponent; moving it right gives a negative exponent. Write the result as a × 10ⁿ. For example, 93,000,000 becomes 9.3 × 10⁷ (decimal moved left 7 places).

How do you convert scientific notation back to standard form?

If the exponent is positive, move the decimal point right that many places, adding trailing zeros if needed. If the exponent is negative, move the decimal point left that many places, adding leading zeros if needed. For example, 5.6 × 10⁻⁵ becomes 0.000056 (decimal moved left 5 places).

What is E-notation?

E-notation is the way calculators and programming languages write scientific notation using the letter E instead of ×10^. For example, 3.5e6 means 3.5 × 10⁶, and 1.2e-4 means 1.2 × 10⁻⁴. This converter accepts E-notation as input, so you can paste numbers directly from a spreadsheet or programming environment.

How do you multiply and divide numbers in scientific notation?

To multiply, multiply the coefficients and add the exponents: (2.0 × 10³) × (3.0 × 10⁴) = 6.0 × 10⁷. To divide, divide the coefficients and subtract the exponents: (6.0 × 10⁸) ÷ (2.0 × 10³) = 3.0 × 10⁵. To add or subtract, first convert both numbers to the same power of ten, then operate on the coefficients. Remember to round your final answer to the correct number of significant figures — use our Sig Figs Calculator if needed.

Where is scientific notation used in real life?

Scientific notation is used in physics, chemistry, astronomy, biology, and engineering whenever numbers span a very wide range. Examples include distances between stars (light-years), the size of atoms and molecules (nanometers), national debt figures (trillions of dollars), and data storage sizes. Spreadsheet software and programming languages also use E-notation internally for very large or very small floating-point values.